New Delhi

Bythe end of 2025, warming in all regions of the world reached 90 to 94 per cent of the levels expected in a 1.5 degrees Celsius hotter world, new research reveals.

Published in the journal Nature Climate Change, the research provides the most comprehensive assessment of regional warming across global land areas since pre-industrial times, and new insights into how warming is unfolding across varied parts of the world.

"Our results reveal that current warming is already indistinguishable from that of a 1.5 C world even on regional scale, highlighting the shared urgency of adaptation across all regions," said author Tong Li from the University of Victoria's Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium in Canada.

The Paris Agreement, adopted by nearly 200 countries in 2015, aims to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels to avoid the most severe impacts of climate change. The study comes as world leaders, policymakers and researchers gather for the United Nations climate change conference, or COP31, in Antalya, Türkiye, beginning Monday.

"Many of the climate risks associated with 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming are no longer a future concern; they are already being experienced around the world," Francis Zwiers, a statistician and scientist emeritus at the Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium, said.

"Very importantly, we're providing information that policy-makers and decision-makers in the individual regions will be able to use to quantify the extent to which their regions are being affected," Zwiers said.

The study found that human influence on the climate had led to a global land average temperature that was already 1.9 degrees Celsius above its pre-industrial level.

Land areas warm faster than oceans, particularly at high northern latitudes.